Total knee replacement (TKR) is a common surgical procedure designed to relieve chronic knee pain and improve joint functionality for those suffering from severe joint damage. This treatment is typically recommended for individuals whose knee pain affects their quality of life, limiting daily activities and impacting overall mobility. This guide provides detailed information about total knee replacement, who may benefit from it, and what to expect before, during, and after the surgery.
Understanding Total Knee Replacement
Total knee replacement involves removing damaged bone and cartilage from the thigh bone, shinbone, and kneecap and replacing it with a prosthesis. This artificial joint is designed to mimic the natural movement of the knee and restore its function. Conditions that may lead to the need for TKR include:
- Osteoarthritis: The most common reason for knee replacement, characterized by the wearing down of joint cartilage over time.
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: An autoimmune condition that causes inflammation of the joint lining.
- Post-Traumatic Arthritis: Arthritis following an injury that leads to joint damage.
When Is Total Knee Replacement Recommended?
TKR may be considered when:
- Persistent and Severe Pain: Pain that interferes with sleep, work, and daily activities, even after non-surgical treatments like physical therapy and medications.
- Reduced Mobility: Difficulty walking, climbing stairs, or getting in and out of chairs.
- Deformity: Visible changes in knee alignment that compromise stability and function.
- Imaging Results: X-rays or MRI scans showing significant cartilage loss or bone-on-bone contact.
The Procedure
Total knee replacement surgery typically involves the following steps:
- Preparation and Anesthesia: The patient is prepared, and anesthesia is administered (either general or spinal).
- Incision and Joint Exposure: A surgical incision is made to expose the knee joint.
- Removal of Damaged Tissue: The surgeon carefully removes damaged bone and cartilage.
- Placement of Prosthetic Components: Metal and plastic components are fitted to recreate the surface of the joint.
- Closure and Recovery: The incision is closed, and the patient is moved to recovery.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
Recovery from TKR involves several stages and a commitment to rehabilitation:
- Initial Hospital Stay: Typically, patients stay in the hospital for 2-4 days post-surgery.
- Early Physical Therapy: Starting exercises under guidance within 24 hours to regain strength and mobility.
- Ongoing Rehabilitation: Outpatient physical therapy helps improve joint flexibility and strength over the following weeks.
- Long-Term Recovery: Most patients return to normal activities within 3-6 months, but complete recovery can take up to a year.
Potential Risks and Complications
Although TKR is generally safe, it carries some risks, such as:
- Infection
- Blood Clots
- Nerve Damage
- Prosthesis Wear and Tear
Why Consider Turkey for Your Orthopedic Surgery?
If you are considering total knee replacement, Turkey offers advanced medical care and comprehensive support for international patients. Discover more about the benefits of receiving treatment in Turkey on our dedicated page: Why Choose Turkey for Orthopedic Surgeries.
Summary
Total knee replacement can be life-changing for those suffering from chronic knee pain and limited mobility. By consulting with an experienced orthopedic specialist and following a structured rehabilitation plan, patients can achieve long-term pain relief and improved quality of life.
